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目的了解丰县水痘流行病学特征,为预防控制水痘爆发提供流行病学依据。方法对2013—2015年水痘发病情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2013—2015年全县共报告水痘251例(34例、122例、95例),报告发病率分别为2.92/10万、10.32/10万、7.91/10万;无死亡病例。全县25个乡镇均有发病,呈高度散发状态,以农村患者为主;全年均有发病,4-7月、11-12月为水痘高发季节;发病以学龄前期及学龄期儿童为主,患者年龄最小为15 d,最大的为40岁。结论丰县2013—2015年水痘报告发病呈波动反复性;及时严格消毒隔离治疗患者是切断传播途径的有效措施;加强托幼机构和学校的疫情监测;宣传防病知识,接种水痘疫苗等措施,以控制水痘爆发,降低水痘的发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Fengxian County and provide epidemiological basis for the prevention and control of chickenpox outbreak. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of the incidence of chickenpox in 2013-2015 was conducted. Results A total of 251 chickenpox cases (34 cases, 122 cases, 95 cases) were reported in the county from 2013 to 2015. The reported incidence rates were 2.92 / lakh, 10.32 / lakh and 7.91 / lakh respectively. No deaths were reported. The county 25 villages and towns have the incidence, was highly distributed state, mainly in rural patients; incidence throughout the year, 4-7 months, 11-12 months for the high season of chickenpox; incidence of preschool and school-age children mainly , The youngest patient was 15 days and the oldest was 40 years old. Conclusion The incidence of varicella in Feng County fluctuated repeatedly between 2013 and 2015. The timely and strict disinfection and isolation of patients was an effective measure to cut off the transmission of the disease. The epidemic situation of nurseries and schools was strengthened; the knowledge of disease prevention and vaccination of chickenpox vaccine Control of chickenpox outbreaks, reducing the incidence of chickenpox.