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阿片类药物是临床上镇痛及手术麻醉的常用药物,具有催眠、镇痛、镇静、抑制不良应激反应等作用。然而,阿片类药物引起的恶心、呕吐、便秘、呼吸抑制等副作用极大地限制了其临床应用和推广。近年来,阿片类药物诱导的痛觉敏化现象引起了学者们的高度关注。痛觉敏化即使用阿片药物患者对疼痛刺激敏感性增加的现象,其机制可能与中枢神经可塑性改变有关,造成促伤害性感受通路敏化,剂量效应曲线右移。现将对阿片药诱导痛觉敏化的研究进展进行综述。
Opioids are commonly used drugs for clinical analgesia and surgical anesthesia, with hypnosis, analgesia, sedation, inhibition of adverse reactions such as stress. However, nausea, vomiting, constipation, respiratory depression and other side effects caused by opiates greatly limit their clinical application and promotion. In recent years, opioid-induced hyperalgesia has aroused great concern of scholars. Hyperalgesia is the use of opioid drugs in patients with increased pain sensitivity to the phenomenon, the mechanism may be related to changes in central nerve plasticity, resulting in sensitization of the nociceptive sensory pathway, dose-response curve shifted to the right. Now opioid-induced pain sensitization research progress.