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胍乙啶(Guanethidine)以交感神經阻滞剂广泛用于治疗严重的高血压症。有关此药吸收与分布的情况尚不完全了解,因其排泄較慢,故在停药后,降压作用仍可維持四天左右。胍乙啶的日服剂量随病人而异,如用量过大,則可因积蓄而出現副作用。因此,在服用时,应正确掌握用量,既使病人保持一定水平的血药浓度,以达到有效的降压作用,亦避免副作用的出現。为防止超量用药的危险,通常在口服时,从每日10—20毫克剂量开始,然后每隔五天以上增加10毫克,直至逐步达到有效剂量为止。如此,需要4—5周甚至更长的时間方可控制病情,这样,对某些病例来說,是有危险的。为使能在短时間内控制血压,作者对33例高血压患者先采用胍乙啶肌肉注射进行試驗,然后再找寻出适当的口服有效剂量,以控制血压。在注射后,每隔半小时測定血压一次,2小时后,改为每隔一小时测定血压一次。結果发現,于注射
Guanethidine is widely used as a sympathetic blocker in the treatment of severe hypertension. Absorption and distribution of this drug is not yet fully understood, because of its slower excretion, so after stopping, the antihypertensive effect can be maintained for about four days. The daily dose of guanethidine varies with the patient, if the dosage is too large, you may have side effects due to savings. Therefore, when taking, should correctly grasp the dosage, even if the patient to maintain a certain level of plasma concentration, in order to achieve effective antihypertensive effect, but also to avoid the emergence of side effects. To prevent the risk of overdosing, usually at oral doses, start with a daily dose of 10-20 mg and then add 10 mg every five days or more until the effective dose is achieved. In this way, it takes 4-5 weeks or more to control the condition, which is dangerous for some cases. In order to be able to control blood pressure in a short period of time, the authors tested the use of guanethidine intramuscular injection in 33 hypertensive patients and then found the appropriate oral effective dose to control blood pressure. After injection, blood pressure was measured every half an hour, and after 2 hours, blood pressure was changed once every other hour. The results found in the injection