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用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测石蜡包埋组织中结核杆菌（ＴＢ－ＤＮＡ－ＰＣＲ）３１例，其中回顾性１３例，前瞻性１８例。回顾性１３例ＰＣＲ检测结果均呈阳性，与病理切片诊断相符；１８例前瞻性ＰＣＲ检测标本中，１０例为阳性，８例为阴性，其中有５例是由于采用的试剂盒（Ｔａｇ酶）质量差所致。由于ＰＣＲ敏感、特异、快速，对病理科外检的结核病正确诊断与鉴别诊断具有一定意义，值得在临床病理外检中应用。
31 cases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB-DNA-PCR) in paraffin-embedded tissues were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), of which 13 were retrospective and 18 were prospectively. Retrospective 13 cases of PCR test results were positive, consistent with pathological diagnosis; 18 cases of prospective PCR test specimens, 10 were positive, 8 were negative, of which 5 were due to the use of the kit (Tag enzyme) Poor quality. Because PCR is sensitive, specific and rapid, the correct diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pathological examination of tuberculosis is of some significance, which is worthy of application in clinical pathology.