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Aim: To investigate whether the endothelin ETA receptor blocker provides similar benefit on cardiac remodeling and survival in a hypertensive rat model of chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods: Male stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHR-SP) rats were subjected to permanent ligation of the left coronary artery and were treated for 6 weeks with the endothelin ETA receptor blocker LU 135252 (30 mg·kg·d-1) starting 24 h after ligation or untreatment. Sham-operated rats served as normal controls. The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular contractility (LV dp/dfmax), left ventricular inner diameter (LVD) and circumference (LVC), septal thickness, left ventricular interstitial collagen content (ICC) and heart weight (HW) were measured at the end of the treatment. Results: Compared with the untreated group, LU 135252 tended to increase HW (1.43 ±0.03 vs 1.38 ±0.04 g; P＞0.05), increased LVD (7.65±0.24 mm vs 6.58±0.14 mm; P＜0.05), markedly increased LVC (30.11±0.83 mm vs 24.82±0.85 mm; P＜0.01) and reduced left ventricular ICC (3.79%±0.09% vs6.71%±0.11%;P＜0.01), slightly lowered MAP (132±6mmHg vs 142±4 mmHg; P＞0.05), reduced LVEDP (14 4 mmHg vs 27±4 mmHg; P＜0.05) and improved LV dp/drmax(4230±450 mmHg/s vs 1950±400 mmHg/s; P＜0.05); survival was not prolonged significantly (13% vs 11%; P=NS). Conclusion: In this hypertensive rat model of CHF, chronic endothelin ETA receptor blockade with LU 135252 improves cardiac hemodynamics, however, it does not affect long-term survival and worsens cardiac remodeling. Thus, endothelin ETA receptor antagonists are unlikely to have an important role in the management of patients with CHF.