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在中国,面对2000万冗员的存在,如何推进劳动制度的改革,笔者认为,引入失业机制是重新构造劳动就业制度的根本途径。失业是商品经济的必然产物所谓失业,通常是指有劳动能力的人找不到工作。出现失业最深刻的原因是生产力不发展和社会产品的不丰富。长期以来,人们总是习惯于把失业同资本主义私有制相联系,因而对失业的恶性机制的研究宣传十分重视,对它的良性机制避而不谈。“社会主义社会不存在失业”的理论和政策长期占据绝对的统治地位。但事实上,经过几十年努力,失业不依人的好恶始终伴随着社会主义经济的发展而存在,只是存在方式隐形化,变失业为待业而已。
In China, faced with the presence of 20 million redundant staff and how to promote the reform of the labor system, the author believes that the introduction of the unemployment mechanism is the fundamental way to reconstruct the labor and employment system. Unemployment is the inevitable product of the commodity economy. Unemployment is usually defined as the inability of people with the ability to work to find jobs. The most profound causes of unemployment are the non-development of productive forces and the lack of enrichment of social products. For a long time people have always been accustomed to linking unemployment to private ownership of capitalism. Therefore, great attention has been paid to the study and promotion of the vicious mechanism of unemployment, while its benign mechanism has been put aside. The theory and policy of “there is no unemployment in a socialist society” have long occupied the absolute dominance. However, in fact, after decades of hard work, the likes and dislikes of unemployed people who are not dependent on others have always existed along with the development of the socialist economy. Only the existing ways of existence have become invisible and the unemployed have become unemployed.