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目的观察亚砷酸钠(NaAsO2)与氟化钠(NaF)联合染毒对大鼠学习能力的影响。方法将90只健康成年清洁级SD大鼠按体重随机分为9组,分别为对照(蒸馏水)组和低(1/50 LD50,0.75 mg/kg)、高剂量亚砷酸钠(1/25 LD50,1.5 mg/kg)染毒组及低(1/20 LD50,25 mg/kg)、高剂量氟化钠(1/10 LD50,50 mg/kg)染毒组以及低剂量亚砷酸钠(0.75 mg/kg)+低剂量氟化钠(25 mg/kg)联合染毒组、低剂量亚砷酸钠(0.75 mg/kg)+高剂量氟化钠(50 mg/kg)联合染毒组、高剂量亚砷酸钠(1.5mg/kg)+低剂量氟化钠(25 mg/kg)联合染毒组、高剂量亚砷酸钠(1.5 mg/kg)+高剂量氟化钠(50 mg/kg)联合染毒组,每组10只。采用自由饮水方式进行染毒,连续染毒6个月。采用Morris水迷宫试验测定逃避潜伏期,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测大鼠脑组织中多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)含量,采用流式细胞仪检测脑组织细胞凋亡率。结果与对照组相比,氟砷联合染毒大鼠的逃避潜伏期延长,脑组织中DA含量下降,细胞凋亡率升高,而脑组织中5-HT含量无明显变化。氟砷联合染毒对大鼠逃避潜伏期、大脑皮质中DA和5-HT含量、脑组织细胞凋亡率的影响均无交互作用(P>0.05)。结论氟砷联合有可能通过脑组织中DA含量降低及神经细胞凋亡率升高影响大鼠学习能力。
Objective To observe the effects of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) and sodium fluoride (NaF) on the learning ability of rats. Methods Ninety healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 9 groups according to body weight: control group (distilled water), low (1/50 LD50,0.75 mg / kg), high dose sodium arsenite (1/25 LD50, 1.5 mg / kg) and low (1/20 LD50, 25 mg / kg), high dose sodium fluoride (1/10 LD50, 50 mg / kg) and low dose sodium arsenite (0.75 mg / kg) + low dose sodium fluoride (25 mg / kg) combined with low dose sodium arsenite (0.75 mg / kg) and high dose sodium fluoride (50 mg / kg) Group, high dose sodium arsenite (1.5mg / kg) + low dose sodium fluoride (25mg / kg) combined with high dose sodium arsenite (1.5mg / kg) + high dose sodium fluoride 50 mg / kg) in combination group, 10 in each group. Using free drinking water for exposure, continuous exposure for 6 months. The escape latency was determined by Morris water maze test. The content of dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in rat brain were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the apoptosis of brain tissue was detected by flow cytometry rate. Results Compared with the control group, the escape latency of the rats treated with fluoride-arsenic exposure was prolonged. The content of DA in brain tissue was decreased and the apoptosis rate was increased. However, the content of 5-HT in brain tissue did not change significantly. The combination of fluoride and arsenic had no interaction on the escape latency, the content of DA and 5-HT in cerebral cortex, and the apoptosis rate in brain tissue (P> 0.05). Conclusion The combination of fluoride and arsenic may affect the learning ability of rats through the decrease of DA content in brain tissue and the increase of apoptosis rate of nerve cells.