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垂悬修饰语在语法书里一般只提垂悬分词或无依着分词、无属分词、游离分词或无关分词等。虽然传统上“归属规则”足指分词而言的,但它也同样适用于不定式分句和无动词分句等。所以这里所提的垂悬修饰语可以包括无依着的现在分词、过去分词、现在分词的完成式、动词不定式、无动词分句、同位短语、甚至简单的形容词等等。垂悬修饰语在英语惯用法中比较复杂,也是我们在英语教学中所碰到的棘手的问题之一。对待垂悬修饰语的态度,大体上可分为三种:
Hanging modifiers in the grammar book generally only mention hanging words or no dependent words, non belonging words, free words or unrelated words and so on. Although traditional “rule of attribution” is sufficient for participle, it also applies to infinitive clause and non-verb clause. Therefore, the hanging modifiers mentioned here may include an existing participle without words, a past participle, a present participle, an infinitive, a non-verb clause, an in-place phrase or even a simple adjective. Hanging modifiers in English idioms more complicated, but also one of the difficult problems we encountered in English teaching. The attitudes towards hanging modifiers can be roughly divided into three types: