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自1973年以来,由于动力费大幅度上涨各国工业界均在努力降低其能源消耗。除发展能源经济外,还通过减少用量或提高劳动生产率并以其他能源取代石油的办法实现节能。如美国在1973～1980年期间,工业耗能增加不到3％,而工业生产却增长13％以上。 A·Barsotti认为,全世界拥有足够的原料资源可满足本世纪铝、铜和铁的需求,但无足够能源以生产这些重要金属。他研究的计算机模型表明,冶金能源供求之间的差距正日益扩大。到公元2000年所需能源尚缺
Since 1973, due to the significant increase in the cost of power, the industries in all countries are striving to reduce their energy consumption. In addition to developing an energy economy, energy savings are also achieved through reductions in oil consumption or labor productivity and the replacement of oil with other sources of energy. For example, in the United States from 1973 to 1980, industrial energy consumption increased by less than 3%, while industrial production increased by more than 13%. A. Barsotti believes that the world has enough raw material resources to meet the needs of this century’s aluminum, copper and iron but not enough energy to produce these important metals. The computer model he studied shows that the gap between the supply and demand of metallurgical energy is widening. By 2000 the energy needed was lacking