论文部分内容阅读
生态补偿是解决环境问题的有效方式,而确定补偿标准是其中最重要的指标之一,也是保证项目能长久有效实施的关键.拍卖方式能平衡生态系统服务提供者和支付者之间的成本效益,考虑自愿和公平的原则,是确定补偿标准的较好方法.通过构建不同风险偏好的拍卖投标者的最优报价模型,结合肃南县退牧还草生态补偿项目,分析了对保留价不同的预估范围下当地104户牧民的风险偏好和风险溢价差值.结果表明:当风险溢价差值为零、大于零以及小于零时,投标者分别为风险中性、风险厌恶和风险喜好的类型;肃南县参与此次拍卖竞标的牧民随着机会成本的增加,风险偏好从厌恶,到趋于中性,最后表现为风险喜好,其中当机会成本增加到一定额度时,风险偏好又从风险喜好反弹回风险厌恶再回到风险喜好;而随着对预估保留价不确定性程度增加,风险溢价差值表现为逐渐增大的趋势.另外,实证结果还表明,对于风险中性的投标者应公开保留价,而对风险厌恶者则应保密.
Ecological compensation is an effective way to solve environmental problems, and determining the compensation standard is one of the most important indicators, which is also the key to ensure long-term and effective implementation of the project.The auction method can balance the cost-effectiveness between ecosystem service providers and payers , Consider the principle of voluntariness and fairness is a better way to determine the compensation standard.By constructing the optimal quotation model of auction bidders with different risk preferences and combining with the ecological compensation project of Sunan County grazing grassland compensation, The risk appetite and the risk premium difference of 104 local herdsmen in the estimated range are analyzed.The results show that when the risk premium difference is zero, greater than zero and less than zero, the bidders are risk-neutral, risk-averse and risk-appearing Types; the herdsmen who participated in this auction bidding in Sunan County increased their opportunity costs, their risk appetite changed from disgust to neutrality, and finally showed their preference for risk. When the opportunity cost increased to a certain amount, the risk appetite changed from The risk appetite bounces back to risk aversion and returns to the risk appetite; and as the degree of uncertainty about the estimated reserve price increases, the risk premium gap appears to be gradually In addition, the empirical results also show that for risk-neutral tenderers, the reserve price should be made public, while the risk-averse should be kept confidential.