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前言:爱滋病(AIDS)是Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome的缩写,其中文为获得性免疫缺陷综合症,它是新发现的人类传染病。由于发病人数和发病地区的迅速增加,病死率又高,引起了全世界的极大关注,为此先后召开了数次国际性会议研究对策。发病最多的美国投入了大量的人力和财力,使AIDS的情况较快地弄清楚。1983年美国哈佛公共卫生学院的工作人员从血清学、病原学和流行病学发现人类T淋巴细胞白血病第Ⅰ型病毒(HTLV—Ⅰ)与AIDS之间的关系。同年,法国巴斯德研究所从一个患淋巴腺病综合症的病人身上分离到一株新的逆转病毒,命名为淋巴腺病相关病毒Lymphadenopathy—assoc-iated Virus(LAV)。1984年美国肿瘤学院的工作人员Gallo等报告从AIDS病人中多次分离出一种新的逆转病毒,命名为人类T细胞白血病第Ⅲ型病毒,Human T—Lymphotr-opic Virus type-Ⅲ(HTLV—Ⅲ)并观察到AIDS病人中HTLV—Ⅲ和LAV抗体滴度非常相似,现在被认为二者是同一种病毒,是AIDS的病原体。
Foreword: AIDS is the abbreviation of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, the Chinese for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, which is a newly discovered human infectious disease. Due to the rapid increase in the number of cases and the incidence of endemic areas, the case fatality rate is high, arousing great concern around the world. To this end, several international conference research measures have been held. The United States, which has the most incidence, has devoted a great deal of manpower and financial resources to clarifying the situation of AIDS more quickly. In 1983, the staff of the Harvard School of Public Health in the United States found the relationship between human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) and AIDS from serological, etiological and epidemiological studies. In the same year, the Pasteur Institute of France isolated a new retrovirus from Lymphadenopathy-associated patients named lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV). In 1984, Gallo et al, a staff member of the American College of Oncology, reported that a new retrovirus was isolated from AIDS patients several times and named as Human T-Lymphoma-type III (HTLV- III) and observed that the titer of HTLV-III and LAV antibodies in AIDS patients are very similar and are now considered to be both the same virus and the pathogen of AIDS.