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拉丁美洲国家的经济增长模式既具有相似性又具有多样性。战后初期到60年代中期,墨西哥和主要南美国家采用的是工业进口替代的经济增长模式;而在中美洲国家,占主导地位的依然是初级产品出口导向模式。中美洲国家的这种经济模式发轫于上世纪70年代,最初以输出单一性农产品为特征,到本世纪20年代时达到顶峰。此后,它又同农业进口替代和工业进口替代结合在一起。即使在60年代地区一级工业进口替代达到高潮时,农产品出口导向模式仍然是中美洲各国经济活动的基本模式。
The patterns of economic growth in Latin American countries are both similar and diverse. From the early post-war to the mid-1960s, Mexico and major South American countries adopted the economic growth model of industrial import substitution. In Central America, the export-oriented model of primary products remained the dominant mode. This economic model in Central American countries, which began in the 1970s and was initially characterized by the export of monoculture produce, culminated in the 1920s. Since then it has also been combined with agricultural import substitution and industrial import substitution. Even when the import of industrial products at the regional level culminated in the 1960s, the export-oriented pattern of agricultural products remained the basic mode of economic activity in Central American countries.