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目的:探讨小儿手足口病的传染途径、预防与控制措施。方法:选取我院2013年1月到2014年12月收治的100例手足口病患儿,总结病原体及传播途径,并对所有患儿容易发病的年龄、时间、住院隔离治疗及所涉及的预防、控制措施进行回顾性分析;结果:小儿手足口病传染性极强,传播迅速而复杂,流行强度较大,主要传染途径是粪口传播途径,病毒传播,门诊交叉感染和口腔器械消毒不合格也是造成传染的原因,1~4岁年龄组患儿发病率明显高于其他年龄组;5~7月份患儿发病率明显高于其他月份;居家治疗与门诊留观治疗患儿发病率均高于住院隔离治疗;上述数据差异明显(P<0.05),有统计学意义。结论:对于小儿手足口病患儿,必须从个人,集体以及医疗机构等三个方面进行预防,采取有效的预防措施能够有效的减少小儿手足口病的发生,避免病情的恶化,应用科学有效的整体性预防控制措施,能够使病症的传播得到有效控制,进一步保证患儿的身心健康。
Objective: To explore the ways of transmission of foot and mouth disease in children, prevention and control measures. Methods: 100 cases of HFMD in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 were selected, pathogens and routes of transmission were summarized, and the age, time, hospitalized isolation treatment and the prevention , Control measures were retrospectively analyzed. Results: HFMD was highly infectious in children with rapid and complicated dissemination and had a strong epidemic intensity. The main routes of infection were fecal oral route of transmission, spread of virus, outpatient cross-infection and disinfection of dental instruments Is also the cause of infection, the incidence of children aged 1 to 4 age group was significantly higher than the other age groups; 5 to July incidence was significantly higher in children than in other months; home treatment and outpatient treatment were observed in children with high incidence In hospital isolation treatment; the above data were significantly different (P <0.05), with statistical significance. Conclusion: Children with hand-foot-mouth disease in children, from individuals, groups and medical institutions, three aspects of prevention, effective prevention measures can effectively reduce the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in children, to avoid deterioration of the disease, the application of scientific and effective The overall prevention and control measures can effectively control the spread of the disease and further ensure the children’s physical and mental health.