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我国在某航天任务中,将首次应用238Pu放射源。本文从该放射源所用的原料、放射源的结构、产生的射线种类以及包壳活化等方面分析了238Pu放射源在航天应用过程中的辐射特性。通过分析实验表明,距单个放射源1 m处的中子辐射剂量率约为60μSv·h-1,在采取适当措施后,238Pu放射源将不会对人员和环境产生明显的辐射影响。
In our space mission, 238Pu radioactive sources will be applied for the first time. In this paper, the radiation characteristics of 238Pu radioactive source in aerospace applications are analyzed in terms of the raw materials used for the radioactive sources, the structure of the radioactive sources, the types of radiation generated and the activation of the cladding. Analytical experiments show that the dose rate of neutron radiation at a distance of 1 m from a single radioactive source is about 60μSv · h-1, and 238Pu radioactive sources will not have obvious radiation effects on personnel and the environment after taking appropriate measures.