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为解决传统横轴流联合收割机在水稻脱分选作业时存在的问题,4LZS-1.8型联合收割机采用差速脱粒滚筒和圆锥形清选风机等新型工作部件,以提升脱分选性能,其结构参数和工作参数有待通过试验来明确。由于田间试验的重复性差,以4LZS-1.8型联合收割机脱分选装置实际结构和尺寸为基础,自行研制了工作性能试验台。利用正交试验方法考察脱粒滚筒转速组合、脱粒滚筒长度比例组合、圆锥形风机叶片锥度等工作参数和结构参数对损失率、破碎率、含杂率、脱粒功耗等性能指标的影响程度。试验结果表明:在喂入量为2 kg/s时,影响4LZS-1.8型联合收割机脱分选工作性能的因素主次顺序为差速滚筒转速组合(B)、圆锥形风机叶片锥度(C)、差速滚筒高低速段长度比(A);最优方案为B=750/950 r/min、C=5°、A=2∶8(28型),对应性能指标为损失率1.28%、破碎率0.32%、含杂率0.48%,对应差速脱粒滚筒总功耗为16.66 k W,其中低速滚筒功耗占总功耗的74.73%,高速滚筒功耗占总功耗的25.27%。
In order to solve the problems existing in conventional horizontal axial flow combine harvester during rice de-classification, 4LZS-1.8 combine harvester adopts new working components such as differential threshing cylinder and cone-shaped ventilation fan to improve the de-separation performance, Its structural parameters and working parameters to be clear through the test. Due to the poor repeatability of the field test, a working bench was developed on the basis of the actual structure and size of the 4LZS-1.8 combine harvester. Orthogonal test method was used to investigate the effects of operating parameters and structural parameters such as the combination of rotating speed of threshing cylinder, length ratio of threshing cylinder, taper of conical fan blade on the performance indexes such as loss rate, crushing rate, impurity content and threshing power. The results showed that when the feed rate was 2 kg / s, the order of the main factors affecting the de-separation performance of 4LZS-1.8 combine harvester was (B), the conic fan blade taper (C ), The length ratio of high and low speed section of differential drum (A); the optimal scheme is B = 750/950 r / min, C = 5 °, A = , The breaking rate is 0.32% and the impurity ratio is 0.48%. The total power consumption of differential barrel is 16.66 kW, of which the low-speed drum consumes 74.73% of the total power and the high-speed drum consumes 25.27% of the total power.