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电磁冲孔是将电磁成形技术应用于材料冲孔工艺的一种高能高速加工方法。采用松散耦合法对铝合金板电磁冲孔过程进行数值模拟,分析板坯的动态变形过程,并进行不同电压铝合金板电磁冲孔试验,验证了模拟方法的可靠性。研究结果表明,电磁冲孔过程中板料以自由胀形的方式产生塑性变形;在变形过程中板料受到拉应力与剪切力的共同作用,以拉应力为主;断口主要表现为被撕裂的拉长韧窝,其断裂方式属于韧性断裂。
Electromagnetic punching is the electromagnetic forming technology used in the material punching process of a high-energy high-speed machining methods. Loose coupling method was used to simulate the electromagnetic punching process of aluminum alloy plate, the dynamic deformation process of the slab was analyzed, and the electromagnetic punching test of aluminum alloy plate with different voltage was carried out to verify the reliability of the simulation method. The results show that the plate is subjected to plastic deformation by means of free bulging during the process of electromagnetic punching. In the process of deformation, the plate is subjected to both tensile stress and shearing force, with tensile stress as the main part. The fracture is mainly characterized by being torn Split elongated dimples, the fracture mode belongs to the ductile fracture.