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明清时期,社会保障体系和法制均不健全,华北的宗族在很大程度上承担了养赡贫弱族人的责任;同时,在社会豪强及突发事件面前,竭力维护族人合法权益不受侵犯。
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the social security system and the legal system were not perfect. The clans in North China largely assumed the responsibility of raising and supporting the poor and the poor. At the same time, they tried their best to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the tribe in the face of the tyranny of the community and the unexpected incidents.