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目的:掌握大连水痘暴发疫情的特征和规律,制定科学有效的预防控制措施。方法:采用流行病学方法对2014年大连市水痘暴发疫情的流行病学特征进行分析。结果:2014年大连市共报告42起水痘暴发疫情,罹患275人,总罹患率为0.93%。3、4、11和12月为高发月份。暴发疫情分布在7个县区,主要发生在托幼机构和小学。病例主要集中在3~12岁,共报告237例。有水痘疫苗免疫史的发热率、中重度出疹率与无免疫史和免疫史不详组比较,差异具有统计学意义。结论:应针对水痘暴发疫情流行病学特征,加强疫情的监测控制,做好水痘预防知识的宣传,尽早制定我国水痘疫苗免疫策略,保障人群健康。
Objective: To master the characteristics and rules of outbreaks of varicella in Dalian and to develop scientific and effective preventive and control measures. Methods: The epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox outbreak in Dalian in 2014 were analyzed by epidemiological method. Results: In 2014, a total of 42 cases of chickenpox outbreaks were reported in Dalian, with 275 people suffering from a total attack rate of 0.93%. 3,4,11 and December for the high incidence of the month. The outbreaks were distributed in 7 counties and districts, mainly in kindergartens and primary schools. The cases mainly concentrated in 3 to 12 years old, a total of 237 cases were reported. There was a history of varicella vaccine immunization fever, moderate and severe rash rate and immunization history and immunization history unknown group, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox outbreak should be strengthened, the epidemic situation should be monitored and controlled, propaganda of chickenpox prevention knowledge should be made, and the immunization strategy of chickenpox vaccine should be formulated as early as possible so as to ensure the health of the population.