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一、制定出口信用保险法的必要性 出口信用保险制度作为支持一国外贸企业出口创汇,改善国际收支状况的一项重要制度,自其创办以来,倍受各国政府的重视,且势头方兴未艾。1919年,英国政府依据其《出口担保和投资法》确定了其“出口信用担保局”(ECGD)的特殊地位、性质及职能。在此之后,各国竞相仿效,以不同的形式创办其国家信用保险制度。目前,归纳起来,大致有以下几种模式:(1)政府直接办理。如前述的英国“出口信用担保局”以及日本通产省国际贸易管理局下属的“进出口保险课”(EID)等,它们都是作为政府的一个职能部门,经营出口信用保险业务;(2)政府成立的全资公司办理此项业务。如加拿大“出口发展
I. The Necessity of Establishing the Export Credit Insurance Law As an important system that supports a country’s foreign trade enterprises in earning foreign exchange through exports and improving their balance of payments, they have gained much attention from governments of all countries and their momentum is on the rise. In 1919, the British government, in accordance with its Export Guarantees and Investments Act, determined the special status, nature and functions of its Export Credit Guarantee Agency (ECGD). Since then, countries have been vying with each other to create their national credit insurance system in different forms. At present, to sum up, there are basically the following modes: (1) the government directly handle. Such as the aforementioned “Export Credit Guarantee Agency” in the United Kingdom and the “Import and Export Insurance Section” (EID) under the Bureau of International Trade Administration of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry of the MIT. They all operate export credit insurance as a functional department of the government; ) The government set up a wholly owned company for this business. Such as Canada "export development