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有机物的氧化常常包括共价键的断裂。要指出其中电子转移情况则较困难。但这类键容易从此较反应物与生成物的结构中找到。这里介绍的一种经验配平法是假设一个共价键断裂后,其电子均分佈而产生两个自由基,每个自由基与通常来自氧化剂的基共同组成一个分子。如醛被H_2O_2氧化成酸,首先可想象H_2O_2离解成两个自由羟基。
Oxidation of organic compounds often involves the breakdown of covalent bonds. It is more difficult to point out the situation of electron transfer. However, this type of bond is easier to find from the structure of reactants and products. One empirical grading method presented here assumes that once a covalent bond has been broken, its electrons are evenly distributed to create two free radicals, each of which forms a molecule in common with the radicals that normally come from the oxidizer. For example, when the aldehyde is oxidized by H 2 O 2 to acid, it can be imagined that H 2 O 2 dissociates into two free hydroxyls.