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(一) 大地构造学是地质科学中独立的一门学科,它主要是研究地壳的大地构造性质及其发展规律的。由于地球是宇宙中一个复杂的物质体系,地壳是它的一部分,也是极其复杂的。地壳在它的发展过程中,有许多矛盾,大地构造学主要是研究地壳的活动性与稳定性的矛盾。地壳在其发展过程中,由于活动性与稳定性这一矛盾的存在和发展,促进了地壳的演变和发展。地壳的组成是极不均一的,各地的活动性与稳定性也是极不一致的,有些地带是比较活动的,而另—些地区则是相对稳定的。这就是地壳之所以划分为活动区与稳定区。这里所谓活动区就是活动性较大的地区,而所谓稳定区也不是毫不活动的,只是活动性较小一些的地区。一个地区的活动性与稳定性的大小,主要看它内部活动的一致性。如果一个地区内部活动此较一致,看来那就是此较稳定的,如果一个地区内部活动极不一致,此升彼降,此前彼后,此左彼右,差异较大,看来就是比较活动的。由此可见,所谓活
(1) The tectonism of geology is an independent discipline in geosciences. It mainly studies the tectonic nature of the crust and its development. Since the Earth is a complex system of matter in the universe, the crust is a part of it and extremely complex. The crust has many contradictions in its development. The tectonism mainly studies the contradiction between the activity and the stability of the crust. During its development, the crust has promoted the evolution and development of the crust due to the existence and development of the contradiction between activity and stability. The composition of the crust is extremely inhomogeneous. Mobility and stability are also highly varied across regions. Some are more active while others are relatively stable. This is why the crust is divided into active areas and stable areas. The so-called activity area is a more active area, and the so-called stable area is not inactive, but less active areas. The degree of activity and stability in a region depends mainly on the consistency of its internal activities. If the internal activities of a region are more consistent, it seems that this is more stable. If the internal activities of a region are extremely inconsistent, the rates of rise and fall are different. . This shows that the so-called live