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飞机起落架是飞机的主要承力构件之一,由于飞机起落架特殊的工作环境,要求起落架具有高的载荷承受能力、良好的抗腐蚀、抗冲击及抗疲劳等性能,这就使得这些零件在结构上尽量采用整体锻件,材料上选用高强度、超高强度材料,制造工艺上采用先进的机械加工工艺、热处理及表处理、无损检测、表面强化等工艺,以保证零件的各种性能符合设计要求。以起落架三个典型零件为研究对象,分别在普通数控加工中心及车铣复合加工中心上进行对比加工研究,通过对三个零件典型结构的加工工艺进行优化,将优化前的立式数控加工中心+普通车床的多工位多次装夹,改为一次装夹实现多工位加工,显著缩短了生产准备时间;利用车铣复合加工中心的优点,有效提高了系统的刚性,提高了切削用量,并实现了复杂曲面采用面铣刀进行高效精加工,使粗、精加工效率显著提高,也使零件加工表面质量显著提高,该改进可为其它类型起落架的生产制造提供技术参考。
Aircraft landing gear is one of the main bearing components of the aircraft. Owing to the special working environment of the landing gear, the landing gear is required to have high load carrying capacity, good corrosion resistance, impact resistance and fatigue resistance, which makes these parts As far as possible in the structure of the overall use of forgings, the choice of materials on the high-strength, ultra-high strength materials, manufacturing processes using advanced machining technology, heat treatment and surface treatment, non-destructive testing, surface strengthening and other processes to ensure that various parts of the performance in line Design requirements. Taking the three typical parts of the landing gear as the research objects, the paper compares the processing of common CNC machining center with turning and milling complex machining center respectively. By optimizing the processing technology of the typical structure of the three parts, Center + ordinary lathe multiple station multiple clamping, to a folder to achieve multi-station processing, significantly shortening the production preparation time; use of milling and milling machining center advantages, effectively improve the system rigidity and improve the cutting And the realization of the complex surface by face milling cutter for efficient finishing, the rough and finishing efficiency is significantly improved, but also significantly improve the surface quality of parts processing, the improvement can provide technical reference for other types of landing gear manufacturing.