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目的了解噪声对发电车乘务员的听力损害程度及对心血管系统的影响。方法对272名发电车乘务员进行血压、心电图、纯音气导听阈检查。结果血压正常、正常高值、高血压检出率分别为21.7%、55.9%、22.4%,心电图异常主要表现为心律的改变、左室高电压及电轴左偏、ST段和T波异常。纯音气导听阈检查结果显示,接触噪声工龄10~19 a年双耳高频平均听阈≥40 dB的检出率(12.6%)明显高于接噪工龄<10 a的检出率(3.4%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.71,P<0.05)。双耳高频平均听阈在26~39 dB的检出率为18.3%,并且接噪工龄10~19 a、≥20 a双耳高频平均听阈在26~39 dB的检出率(分别为22.5%、29.4%)明显高于<10 a的检出率(9.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ2分别为7.13、5.53,P<0.01和<0.05)。结论噪声对发电车乘务员听力的损害随接噪工龄增加而加重,应重视该岗位作业人员血压在正常高值及纯音听阈在26~39 dB范围检出率较高这一情况。应在隔音降噪、合理安排作息时间等防护方面做积极努力。
Objective To understand the degree of hearing damage and its impact on the cardiovascular system of the flight attendant. Methods Blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG) and tone of pure tone gas were checked on 272 generator drivers. Results The positive rates of blood pressure, normal high value and high blood pressure were 21.7%, 55.9% and 22.4% respectively. The main abnormalities of electrocardiogram were the change of heart rate, left ventricular high voltage and left axis, ST segment and T wave. The test results of pure tone guide hearing threshold showed that the detection rate (12.6%) of the average hearing threshold of double-ear high frequency of 10 to 19 years of contact age was significantly higher than that of the noise receiving age <10 years (3.4%), , The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 5.71, P <0.05). The detection rate of high-frequency average hearing threshold of both ears was 18.3% at 26 ~ 39 dB, and the detection frequency of 26 ~ 39 dB at high frequency of ≥ 20 a %, 29.4%) was significantly higher than that of <10 years (9.0%) (χ2 = 7.13,5.53, P <0.01 and <0.05 respectively). Conclusion The noise damage to the flight attendants’ hearing loss aggravates with the increase of noise duration. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the blood pressure of the post workers is higher at the normal high value and pure tone threshold in the range of 26-39 dB. Efforts should be made in the areas of sound insulation and noise reduction, reasonable arrangement of time for rest and work, etc.