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中国绘画自魏晋时代就达到审美自觉,由于老、庄之道在魏晋玄学中复兴,于是推崇自然美的风气盛行一时。山水画也逐渐地发展成熟起来。宋宗炳在《画山水序》中首次提出了“山水以形媚道”这一命题,即“媚者,悦也”。表明了自然山水和宇宙本体“道”是一种自然亲媚的映涵关系。宗炳强调审美观照的直接对象是现实的自然山水,画家通过这种观照,不仅可以得到审美的愉悦,还可以通过自然山水对宇宙本体实现对“道”的把握。这就是所谓的“贤者道”和“法道”。
Since the Wei and Jin dynasties, Chinese painting reached the aesthetic consciousness. Due to the old and the rejuvenating of Zhuang in the metaphysics of Wei and Jin dynasties, the atmosphere of resisting the natural beauty prevailed. Landscape painting has gradually developed into maturity. Song Zongbing first put forward the proposition “landscapes form the gay sayings ” in the “painting landscapes”, namely “Mei, Yue also ”. It shows that the natural landscape and cosmic ontology are a kind of natural pro-pro-enigma relationship. Zong Bing emphasizes that the direct object of aesthetic appreciation is the realistic natural landscape. By this kind of observation, the artist can not only enjoy the aesthetic pleasure, but also grasp the “Tao” of the universal ontology through natural landscape. This is called “Sage Road” and “Dharma”.