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目的:探讨新疆地区汉族、维吾尔族(维族)、哈萨克族(哈族)3个民族成人颈动脉内中膜厚度(intima-mediathicknes,IMT)的差别及与吸烟的相关性。方法:应用四阶段整群随机抽样法调查6个地区年龄≥35岁汉、维、哈3个民族的样本,男女均衡。比较不同吸烟人群、不同民族、年龄段、性别的颈动脉IMT,采用多元逐步回归分析IMT的影响因素。结果:由协方差分析调整了年龄、性别、体质量指数等因素后,3个民族中吸烟组及戒烟组颈动脉IMT高于不吸烟组(P<0.05),戒烟组颈动脉IMT与吸烟组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。哈族的IMT为(0.78±0.21)mm,汉族为(0.76±0.28)mm,维族为(0.66±0.26)mm,3个民族间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各民族不同性别颈动脉IMT均随年龄增长而增加。IMT随吸烟情况、性别、民族、年龄、收缩压、舒张压、血糖及三酰甘油水平变化而变化(P<0.05)。结论:吸烟是新疆地区维、汉、哈3个民族成年人中IMT增厚的危险因素。
Objective: To investigate the differences of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) among Han, Uighur (Uighur) and Kazak (Kazakh) ethnic groups in Xinjiang and its relationship with smoking. Methods: A four-stage cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the sample of Han, Wei and Ha ethnic groups ≥35 years old in six regions of China. The IMT of carotid arteries of different smokers, different nationalities, age groups and gender were compared, and the influencing factors of IMT were analyzed by multivariate stepwise regression. Results: After adjustment for age, sex and body mass index by covariance analysis, the carotid IMT of smoking and smoking cessation groups in three ethnic groups was higher than that of no smoking group (P <0.05) The difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The IMT was (0.78 ± 0.21) mm in Han nationality, (0.76 ± 0.28) mm in Han nationality, and (0.66 ± 0.26) mm in Uygur nationality. The differences among the three ethnic groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). The IMT of carotid artery of different nationalities in different ethnic groups increased with age. IMT varied with smoking status, sex, ethnicity, age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose and triglyceride levels (P <0.05). Conclusion: Smoking is a risk factor for IMT thickened among adults from three ethnic groups in Victoria, Han and Ha in Xinjiang.