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近年来我国发生了多起儿童血铅超标中毒事件,给人民健康造成巨大危害,社会影响恶劣,湖南某县作为著名的有色金属之乡,儿童血铅超标风险极大。文章利用美国环境署开发的综合暴露生物动力学模型(IEUBK)来计算湖南某县儿童由血铅引起轻度精神发育迟滞的发病率。根据收集到的湖南某县儿童环境铅暴露信息预测儿童群体的血铅水平几何均值,进一步估算儿童群体血铅水平超过某一临界浓度(100μg/L)的概率,经过计算得出该县每1 000名儿童中有11.3名儿童可能得轻度精神发育迟滞,说明该县环境污染严重,由此给当地儿童血铅超标带来的风险极大,需采取措施,控制污染,保障儿童身体健康。
In recent years, many cases of poisoning of blood lead in children have occurred in our country, causing great harm to people’s health and having bad social impact. As a famous hometown of non-ferrous metals in a county in Hunan, children have a high risk of exceeding the standard of lead in blood. The article uses the IEUBK developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency to calculate the incidence of mild mental retardation caused by blood lead in a county in Hunan Province. According to the collected data of lead exposure in children in a county in Hunan Province, the geometric mean of blood lead level in children was predicted to further estimate the probability that the blood lead level in children exceeded a certain critical concentration (100 μg / L) 11.3 of the 000 children may have mild mental retardation, indicating that the county is seriously polluted by the environment. This poses a great risk to the local children due to excessive levels of lead in the blood. Measures should be taken to control the pollution and ensure the health of children.