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象病人接受全身检查一样,阿尔伯特·赖德十九世纪晚期的绘画作品“路德·伍林的女儿”静静地接受探测粒了束的检查,隶属于美国国家标准局盖尔斯堡国家标准和技术研究所(NIST)的反应堆的中子流对博物馆中这件作品的树脂层和油膜层进行了20分钟的活化处理。经过近一个月的中子处理,赖德油画中二十多种元素显示出了特征的γ射线和电子辐射反应。来自史密森研究所的核物理学家陈玉堂(译名)与NIST的科学家们合作,使用NIST的反应堆进行考古学和历史学的研究。他在油画上定期地放置记录胶片,这样这些特征辐射就在胶片上显现出图像来。除了用胶片记录来自“活化”了的油画的辐射的空间分布外,还将一固态检测器放在油画前几英尺处记录γ射线信号,这可以帮助研究者们计算出某一特定元素(如赖德所用的原始棕土中锰元素)的含量. 这种技术叫中子活化射线显迹术,它可以获得油画中元素的空间分布及浓度分布的信息确定不同材料之间的界线和画家原先所画后来又被覆盖的部分,甚至能告诉参观者他们所看不到的油画里层的画笔风格。
Like the patient's general examination, Albert Ride's late nineteenth-century painting “Daughter of Luther Wolin” silently accepts the examination of the grain and belongs to the National Standards Institute of Galesburg The neutron flux from the reactor at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) activated the resin and oil layers in the museum's museum for 20 minutes. After nearly a month of neutron processing, more than twenty elements of Ryder oil paintings show characteristic gamma rays and electron radiation responses. Chen Yutang, a nuclear physicist from the Smithsonian Institute, works with NIST scientists to conduct archeological and historical research using NIST's reactors. He places recording films regularly on the canvas, so that these characteristic radiations show the image on the film. In addition to filming the spatial distribution of radiation from an “activated” painting, a solid state detector is placed on the first few feet of the canvas to record gamma rays, which can help researchers calculate a particular element The content of manganese in the raw brown earth used by Ryder.) This technique is called neutron activation ray tracing, which obtains information about the spatial distribution and concentration distribution of the elements in the painting. Determines the boundaries between different materials and the original The part that was later covered was even able to tell the brush style of the inner layer of the painting that visitors could not see.