论文部分内容阅读
环状RNA（circular RNA，circRNA）是一种具有环状结构的RNA。circRNA独特的结构赋予了其多种细胞生物学功能与特性，成为近年来的研究热点。circRNA能通过微小RNA（microRNA，miRNA）海绵、RNA结合蛋白、肽段翻译以及调控基因转录等机制发挥作用。研究发现，circRNA与椎间盘退变、脊髓损伤、脊柱侧凸以及关节突关节炎存在一定的联系。利用生物信息学技术以及分子生物学技术，进行疾病组织的基因芯片或者高通量测序，预测并挖掘与疾病相关的circRNA，可以评估circRNA是否能够作为脊柱脊髓相关疾病的分子生物学标志。在明确circRNA作用的基础上，制定相应的治疗策略，在实验动物体内进行验证，为脊柱脊髓相关疾病的基因治疗提供理论依据。目前，circRNA在脊柱脊髓相关疾病中的研究相比其他领域尚显不足，主要研究方向集中在circRNA的miRNA海绵机制。由于脊柱外科涉及的疾病类型多样，相应的circRNA研究进展也有所差异。基因芯片和高通量测序技术的发展极大地推进了circRNA的研究，能否利用现有的公共数据库资源对研究脊柱脊髓相关疾病也具有重要意义。本文对目前circRNA在脊柱脊髓相关疾病中的研究情况作一综述，旨在帮助科研人员加深对circRNA在脊柱脊髓疾病中的作用的认识。“,”Circular RNA (circRNA) is a kind of RNA with a circular structure. The unique structure of circRNA endows it with various cell biological functions and characteristics. It has become a research hotspot recently. CircRNA can play a role via mechanisms, such as microRNA (miRNA) sponge, RNA binding protein, peptide translation and regulation of gene transcription. CircRNA was found to be associated with disc degeneration, spinal cord injury, scoliosis, and facet arthritis. Some techniques, including bioinformatics and molecular biology techniques, microarray and high-throughput sequencing, can be used to predict and to discover disease-related circRNA, aiming to evaluate whether circRNA can be used as a molecular biomarker for spinal and spinal cord diseases. Based on the current role of circRNA, the corresponding therapeutic strategies have been carried out in experimental animals, which can provide theoretical basis for gene therapy. At present, the researches in circRNA for spinal and spinal cord diseases are still insufficient compared with those in other fields. Currently, the main direction focuses on the miRNA sponge mechanism of circRNA. Due to the variety of diseases in spinal surgery, the research progress of circRNA is also varied. In addition, the development of microarray and high-throughput sequencing technology have greatly promoted the researches in circRNA. The availability of public database is of great significance in the study. The present review summarized the current researches status of circRNA in spinal and spinal cord diseases, aiming to deepen understanding of circRNA in spinal and spinal cord diseases.