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1 实验原理将一导体棒放在导轨上并且垂直磁场,导体通电后,在安培力作用下从静止开始运动。设导体在有效磁场中运动的距离为 S_0,从开始运动到停止,导体棒运动的总位移为 S,由动能定理得:F_安·S_0-F_1·S=0。若每次导体棒从同一位置开始运动,则 S_0不变,又滑动摩擦力 F_1不变,所以 F_安/S=F_1/S_0=常量,安培力正比于导体棒运动的总位移,
1 Experimental principle A conductor bar is placed on a rail and perpendicular to the magnetic field. After the conductor is energized, it begins to move from rest under the force of Ampere. Let the distance the conductor moves in the effective magnetic field be S_0. From the beginning of the movement to the stop, the total displacement of the conductor bar is S, which is obtained by the kinetic energy theorem: F_A·S_0-F_1·S=0. If each conductor starts to move from the same position, S_0 does not change, and the sliding friction force F_1 does not change, so F_amp/S=F_1/S_0=constant, and the force is proportional to the total displacement of the conductor bar.