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目的探讨谷氨酰胺对急进高原大鼠小肠黏膜形态结构及肠道微生态的影响。方法W istar大鼠50只,随机分为5组:对照组(A组)、3848米未干预组(B组)、3848米谷氨酰胺干预组(C组)、4767米未干预组(D组)和4767米谷氨酰胺干预组(E组),每组10只,急进海拔3848米和4767米造成大鼠急性缺氧模型,检测小肠黏膜上皮细胞形态结构、肠道菌群失衡及细菌易位的变化。结果高海拔缺氧组大鼠小肠黏膜变薄、肠黏膜水肿、绒毛短缩,肠道菌群失衡显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且随着海拔升高,菌群失衡更明显。不同海拔高度细菌易位率也有差异。经谷氨酰胺干预后,肠道的菌群失衡及细菌易位率与高海拔缺氧组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论急进高原缺氧环境可导致小肠黏膜损伤、肠道菌群失衡及细菌易位,肠黏膜屏障破坏,且随着海拔升高而上述改变更明显。谷氨酰胺具有保护肠黏膜屏障及调节肠道菌群失衡的作用。
Objective To investigate the effect of glutamine on intestinal mucosal morphology and gut microecology in rats at high altitude. Methods Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group (group A), 3848 m non-intervention group (group B), 3848 m glutamine intervention group (group C), 4767 m non-intervention group (group D ) And 4767m glutamine intervention group (E group), 10 rats in each group. The acute anaerobic altitude of 3,848m and 4,767m resulted in acute hypoxia model in rats. The morphological and ultrastructure of intestinal mucosal epithelium, intestinal flora imbalance and bacterial translocation The change. Results The small intestine mucosa was thinner, intestinal mucosa edema, villi shortening and imbalance of gut microflora were significantly higher in high altitude hypoxia rats than those in control group (P <0.05). And with the altitude increasing, the flora imbalance was more obvious. Bacterial translocation rates are also different at different altitudes. After glutamine intervention, intestinal flora imbalance and bacterial translocation rate were significantly different from those in high altitude hypoxia group (P <0.05). Conclusion The rapid anoxic environment in the plateau can lead to intestinal mucosal injury, imbalance of intestinal flora, bacterial translocation and damage of intestinal mucosal barrier. The above changes are more obvious with the elevation of altitude. Glutamine has the role of protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier and regulating the imbalance of intestinal flora.