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交易成本理论忽略了企业间合作可能产生的知识获取等外溢效应,难以解释国际代工企业单边专用性投资现象,为后续研究留下理论探索的空间。本文从海外知识获取的视角出发,通过交易成本理论与组织学习理论的整合,构建代工专用性投资与海外知识获取的关系模型,并检验合同专有性对上述关系的调节效应,应用AMOS17.0和SPSS16.0对229个中国代工企业进行实证检验,结论显示:(1)不同维度专用性投资对海外知识获取有不同的影响,其中,资产类专用性投资与海外知识获取呈倒U型关系,人力资本类专用性投资与海外知识获取存在正向线性关系;流程类专用性投资对海外知识获取的影响未获验证。(2)合同专有性正向调节资产类专用性投资与海外知识获取的倒U型关系。研究结论从知识获取角度为国际代工企业单边专用性投资提供了合理性解释,弥补了传统交易成本理论忽略技术学习等外溢效应的研究缺陷,为中国代工企业学习海外先进知识提供新的研究思路和管理启示。
Transaction cost theory ignores spillover effects such as knowledge acquisition that may be generated by the cooperation between enterprises, it is difficult to explain unilaterally specialized investment phenomenon of international foundry enterprises, leaving room for theoretical exploration for follow-up research. Based on the acquisition of overseas knowledge, AMOS17 is constructed through the integration of transaction cost theory and organizational learning theory to construct the relational model between OEM investment and overseas knowledge acquisition and test the regulatory effect of contractual exclusiveness on the above relationship. 0 and SPSS16.0 on 229 Chinese foundries, the conclusions show that: (1) Different-dimension-specific investment has different effects on overseas knowledge acquisition, in which asset-specific investment and overseas knowledge acquisition are inverted U Type relationship, there is a positive linear relationship between the special investment of human capital and overseas knowledge acquisition. The impact of the process-specific investment on overseas knowledge acquisition has not been verified. (2) Contract exclusiveness positively regulates inverted U-shaped relationship between asset-specific investment and acquisition of overseas knowledge. The conclusions of the study provide a reasonable explanation for unilateral private investment of international foundry enterprises from the perspective of knowledge acquisition and make up for the defects of traditional transaction cost theory that ignore the spillover effects such as technology learning and provide new opportunities for Chinese foundry enterprises to learn advanced overseas knowledge Research ideas and management inspiration.