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度日模型是估算冰川消融的一种简单而有效的方法,度日因子是该模型的重要参数,反映了单位正积温产生的冰雪消融量,其时空变化特征对不同模型模拟冰雪消融过程的精度有较大影响.根据乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川22a的物质平衡花杆观测资料和大西沟气象站气象资料,分析了该冰川度日因子的时空变化规律及其影响因素.结果表明:时间尺度上,融雪度日因子年际变化不大,融冰度日因子随年际变化有增加趋势,且这种增加趋势在冰川中下部要比冰川上部明显;空间尺度上,随海拔升高,度日因子具有明显的下降趋势;2000-2004年与1983-1989年相比,1号冰川东、西支夏季物质平衡变化量分别为-240mm和-290mm,其中气候变化直接引起的变化量为-206mm和-175mm.
Degree-day model is a simple and effective method to estimate ice-melting. Degree-day factor is an important parameter of the model, which reflects the quantity of ice-snow melting caused by unit positive accumulated temperature. Has a greater impact on the glacier.According to the observational data of the material balance bar 22a and the weather data of the Daxigou Station on the No.2 Glacier No.1 in Urumqi, the temporal and spatial variation of the degree factor and the influencing factors are analyzed.The results show that on the time scale, The snow melting degree day factor has little change in the interannual period, and the melting ice degree day factor increases with the interannual variation, and this increasing trend is more obvious in the middle and lower part of the glacier than in the glacier upper part. On the spatial scale, with the elevation increasing, Compared with 1983-1989, the summer and winter mass balance changes of summer glacier No. 1 in the East China Sea and the West China Sea were -240mm and -290mm, respectively, of which the direct change caused by climate change was -206mm and -175mm.