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本文以冯友兰、贺麟和熊十力三位现代哲人为中心,考察现代中国哲学在抗战时期的思想轨迹。具体而言,冯氏试图通过新理学“接着讲”中华民族的哲学境界,贺麟则关注于构建新心学来重塑国民人格,熊十力则在国难的刺激和逼仄下,最终实现了其“由佛归儒”的转变。上述三人的哲学取舍和文化立场,既是受到清末民初学术风气影响的结果,又具体表现了国难刺激下个人学术轨迹的“激越”转型。更值得留意的是,上述三人的哲学旨趣,均有强调民族振兴和文化建设的深切用意。由此之故,本文认为,现代中国哲学是以国族建设为主要特征和精神取向的文化哲学。
This paper centers on three modern philosophers such as Feng Youlan, He Lin and Xiong Shili, and examines the ideological trajectory of modern Chinese philosophy during the Anti-Japanese War. Specifically, Feng tried to pass the philosophical realm of the Chinese nation by “neo-Confucianism,” while He Lin focused on building a new psychology to reshape the personality of the nation, and Xiong Shi Li finally realized it under the stimulus and suppression of the national crisis Its “from Buddhism to Confucianism ” change. The philosophical choices and cultural standpoints of the above three people are not only the result of the academic ethos of the late Qing dynasty and early Republic of China, but also the “radical” transformation of individual academic trajectory stimulated by the national crisis. What deserves more attention is that the philosophical interests of the above three people all have the profound intention of emphasizing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and cultural construction. Therefore, this paper argues that modern Chinese philosophy is a cultural philosophy based on the national construction as the main characteristic and spiritual orientation.