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目的 :了解青少年伤害的现状及原因。方法 :采用整群抽样的方法 ,对广东省湛江市四所中学的初、高中四个年级共 35个班 196 9名学生进行一年内伤害的现状调查。结果 :伤害发生率为 79 84% ,初中生的伤害发生率高于高中生。 13类伤害中发生率前六位依次为跌伤 (5 0 6 3% )、碰伤 (40 43% )、刀割伤 (39 77% )、锐器刺伤 (2 4 99% )、车辆伤 (2 4 48% )、烧烫伤(2 0 98% )。初中生中发生率男生高于女生的伤害有跌伤、锐器刺伤、硬物击伤、动物咬伤、爆炸伤 ,女生高于男生的伤害有烧烫伤。高中生中刀割伤和烧烫伤发生率均为女生高于男生。发生伤害的地点主要为家中和学校 ,发生的形式主要为自伤 ,发生的原因主要有玩耍、骑车、运动、走路等。独生子女与非独生子女比较 ,初、高中各类伤害发生率差别均无显著性。结论 :青少年伤害在不同的年龄段、不同性别分布不同 ,应针对其特点采取有效措施 ,减少青少年伤害的发生。
Objectives: To understand the status quo and causes of adolescent injuries. Methods: A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the current situation of one year injury of 196 9 students in 35 classes of junior and senior high schools in four middle schools of Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province. Results: The incidence of injuries was 79 84%. The incidence of injuries among junior high school students was higher than that of high school students. Among the 13 types of injuries, the top six were fall injuries (56.3%), bumps (40.43%), knife cuts (39.77%), sharps stabs (29.99%), vehicles Injuries (2448%) and burns (2098%). The incidence of junior high school boys than girls injury falls, sharp stab wounds, hard objects wounded, animal bites, explosion injuries, girls than boys boys injuries burns. High school students in the knife cut and burn incidence were higher than girls boys. Occurrence of injuries mainly at home and school, occurred mainly in the form of self-injury occurs mainly due to play, cycling, exercise, walking and so on. Only children and non-only children, primary and secondary injuries were no significant difference in the incidence of various types. Conclusion: Adolescent injuries in different age groups, different gender distribution, should take effective measures to its characteristics to reduce the occurrence of adolescent injuries.