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绪言有关流感的流行病学特性的依据是从多方面得来的。流感实验室的报告提供各地局部暴发病原学和病毒情况的基本资料。死亡率和发病率统计、学校和工厂的缺勤记录、疾病保险要求等可作为流感流行的发展和蔓延的有用指征。血清流行病学的追踪观察在流感研究中起重要作用,并且也许是提供有关感染率最可靠的情报。主要的缺憾是为这样研究用的合理地有明确代表性的人群样本不容易获得。
Introduction The basis for the epidemiological characteristics of influenza is derived from many sources. The flu lab report provides basic information on the local outbreaks of etiology and viruses in various parts of the country. Statistics on mortality and morbidity, absence records in schools and factories, disease insurance requirements, etc. can be useful indicators of the development and spread of the pandemic. Serological epidemiological follow-up observations play an important role in flu research and may provide the most reliable intelligence on infection rates. The main downside is that samples of reasonably well-represented groups of people for such research are not readily available.