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1974年7月,喀麦隆政府颁布了土地改革令,旨在改革土地使用和占有的权限。在此之前,除了一小部分土地就被法定为私有土地之外,这些法律条文确立了国家对全部土地的支配权。这次土地改革的受益者是国家权贵与商人,他们或通过以权谋私,或成为投机土地者,从而使喀麦隆出现了“新土地贵族”。就理论而言,这次改革终结了农民和地方权威与土地的传统联系,因为土地的概念和传统功能都发生了变化。在实际操作过程中,国家法律因允许其他社会阶层占有和使用土地而驱使农民边缘化。
In July 1974, the Cameroonian government promulgated a land reform order aimed at reforming the rights to land use and possession. Until then, except for a small portion of the land that was legally designated as private land, these legal provisions established the state’s authority over all land. The beneficiaries of this agrarian reform are the elites and businessmen of the country, who have “came to claim the new land aristocracy” in Cameroon, either through their personal abuse of their rights or as land for speculation. In theory, this reform ended the traditional relationship between peasants and local authorities and land because the concepts and traditional functions of land changed. In practice, national law drives farmers to marginalize by allowing other social strata to occupy and use land.