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目的 探讨脑白质疏松( L A) 对老年人认知功能的影响.方法 对30 名有 L A 无精神神经病史及体征的老年人,30 名无 L A 的腔隙性脑梗死患者及30 名正常老年人,用老年认知功能量表评定认知功能,并查听觉事件相关电位,还探讨年龄、脑血管疾病危险因素和 L A 的关系.结果 有 L A 老人的空间结构能力得分比腔梗病人、正常老人减低, L A 程度与分析及综合能力、短时记忆及其保存能力呈负相关.腔梗病人的 P3 潜伏期比正常老人明显延长.年龄和 L A 程度呈正相关,有 L A 老人的高血压患病率比正常老人明显高.结论 老年人的 L A 对其认知功能有损害,以空间结构能力、精细操作技能较明显.高龄、高血压是 L A 发生的危险因素.“,”Objective To investigate the effects of leuko araiosis (LA) on cognitive functions in the elderly. Methods 30 elderly presons with LA observed on CT or MRI but without history or signs of neurolgical and mental disorders, 30 patients with lacunar infaction but without LA, and 30 normal subjects were measured by means of the scale of elderly cognitive function and tested by auditory event related potentials, and the peak latency, amplitude of N 2, P 3 were measured. The correlation between LA and age, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipemia, thromboembolic factors, smoking and drinking alcohol was explored respectively.Results The mean scores on spatial constructive ability in the elderly with LA (8.61±1.97) was lower than that in the patients with lacunar infarction (9.00±1.59) and normal subjects (9.83±1.58). The severity of LA was negatively correlated with analysis and synthesis ability ( r=-0.45, P=0.02 ), short term memory and recall( r=-0.45, P=0.02 ), P 3 latency on event related potentials in the patients with lacunar infarction (378.33±45.35) was significantly longer than normal subjects (350.55±25.28). There was a significant positive correlation between the severity of LA and age. The rate of hypertension in the elderly with LA was higher than that in normal subjects. Conclusions LA in the elderly may be the cause of cognitive impairment, especially spatial constructive ability. Aging and hypertension are risk factors for LA.