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一、背景全球变化问题已经成为全世界所关注的最重要的科学问题之一。近年来世界各地不断出现干旱、火山爆发和海啸等灾害,一些地区的沙漠化问题也越来越严重,特别是气候的变化和臭氧层的破坏使问题的严重性更加突出。所有这些全球性和地区性的变化,对世界各国的经济和社会都带来了极大的影响。这些自然现
I. Background The issue of global change has become one of the most important scientific issues of concern to the whole world. In recent years, calamities such as droughts, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis have continued to occur in various parts of the world. The problem of desertification has also become more serious in some areas. In particular, the seriousness of the problems has become even more prominent as a result of climate changes and the destruction of the ozone layer. All of these global and regional changes have had a tremendous impact on the economies and societies of all countries in the world. These are natural now