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镍基合金中含有铼钨钼钽等多种稀有战略金属,具有极高的综合回收利用价值。首先,本文从热力学角度分析了电化学溶解的可行性,讨论了金属元素在电溶液和阳极泥中的分配情况:负电位的金属以简单阳离子形式进入溶液;铼钼部分以含氧离子形式进入溶液,大部分以金属氧化物的形式进入阳极泥中;钨钽锆等惰性金属完全以氧化物形式进入阳极泥中。其次,重点研究了槽电压、酸度、离子浓度和温度对电流密度及电流效率和能耗的影响。结果表明,最佳电溶工艺条件:槽电压1.8 V,盐酸浓度2.0 mol·L~(-1),温度40℃,离子总浓度为30~40 g·L~(-1)。在此工艺条件下,电流密度为303.2 A·m~(-2),能耗为1688~1876 k W·h·t~(-1)。实验中各金属在溶液和阳极泥中的分配情况,与热力学分析结果相符。铼的富集比超过3.0,实现了对铼等稀散金属的富集。此外,阳极泥呈黑色细粉末状,可以直接用于后续浸出实验研究。
Nickel-based alloys containing rhenium molybdenum tantalum and other rare and strategic metals, with a very high value of comprehensive recycling. First of all, this paper analyzes the feasibility of electrochemical dissolution from the thermodynamic point of view, discusses the distribution of metal elements in the solution and anode slime: the negative potential of the metal into the solution as a simple form of cation; molybdenum rhenium part of the oxygen ions into The solution, mostly in the form of a metal oxide, enters the anode slurry; the inert metal, such as tungsten tantalum zirconium, enters the anode slurry completely as an oxide. Secondly, the effects of cell voltage, acidity, ion concentration and temperature on current density, current efficiency and energy consumption are mainly studied. The results showed that the optimum conditions of electrowinning were as follows: cell voltage 1.8 V, hydrochloric acid 2.0 mol·L -1, temperature 40 ℃, total ion concentration 30-40 g · L -1. Under this technological condition, the current density is 303.2 A · m -2, and the energy consumption is 1688-1876 kW · h · t -1. In the experiment, the distribution of each metal in solution and anode mud was consistent with the results of thermodynamic analysis. Rhenium enrichment ratio over 3.0, to achieve the enrichment of rhenium and other metals. In addition, the anode slime is a fine black powder that can be directly used in subsequent leaching experiments.