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Nonlinear response of the driven Duffing oscillator to periodic or quasi-periodic signals has been well studied. In this paper, we investigate the nonlinear response of the driven Duffing oscillator to non-periodic, more specifically, chaotic time series. Through numerical simulations, we find that the driven Duffing oscillator can also show regular nonlinear response to the chaotic time series with different degree of chaos as generated by the same chaotic series generating model, and there exists a relationship between the state of the driven Duffing oscillator and the chaoticity of the input signal of the driven Duffing oscillator. One real-world and two artificial chaotic time series are used to verify the new feature of Duffing oscillator. A potential application of the new feature of Duffing oscillator is also indicated.