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目的探讨有效护理措施对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的效果影响。方法选取2013年12月至2014年12月来本院行胆囊镜切除术患者78例,护理人员对所有患者采用术前、术中、术后采用有效护理措施后,观察所有患者护理后焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)、术后引流量、肛门排气时间、下床功能锻炼时间、住院时间、术后1d的疼痛分级及术后并发症发生率。结果术后护理患者一般资料中,引流量为(26.18±9.37)ml,肛门排气时间为(4.21±1.19)天,下床功能锻炼时间为(5.22±2.04)天,住院时间为(6.23±1.64)天;护理前SAS、SDS评分比较无统计学意义,P>0.05;所有患者护理后的SAS、SDS评分明显优于护理前,比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后护理1天的疼痛等级,术后对所有患者行有效护理措施后,术后1天的疼痛例数中,0级为54例,1级为18例,2级为5例,3级为1例;患者术后采用有效护理措施后,并发症中胆漏1例,皮下气肿2例,切口感染或疼痛2例,腹腔感染1例,腹腔内出血2例,并发症发生率为10.26%。结论有效地护理方式除了在方法上有所改进细致以外,还要强化护理人员的护理知识和护理意识,从根本上领会细致有效护理方式的意义及目的,护理过程中需以患者为中心,从患者的实际需求出发,把有效针对性护理用于腹腔镜胆囊炎切除术患者的临床护理中,可以有效降低病人疼痛感,减少术后并发症发生率,增加患者术后恢复速度和质量,适合临床广泛实行。
Objective To investigate the effect of effective nursing after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods From December 2013 to December 2014, 78 patients with cholecystectomy underwent cholecystectomy in our hospital. The nurses used all patients to take effective nursing measures before, during and after surgery. All the patients were followed up for anxiety self-care SAS and SDS, postoperative drainage volume, anal exhaust time, out of bed functional exercise time, hospital stay, postoperative 1d pain grading and postoperative complication rate. Results The average drainage volume was (26.18 ± 9.37) ml, the exhaust time of anus was (4.21 ± 1.19) days, the time of getting out of bed was (5.22 ± 2.04) days and the length of stay was (6.23 ± (P <0.05); SAS, SDS scores before nursing were not statistically significant, P> 0.05; SAS, SDS scores of all patients after nursing were significantly better than those before nursing (P <0.05). Postoperative care for 1 day pain level, postoperative effective nursing measures for all patients, 1 day after the number of pain cases, 0 was 54 cases, 1 was 18 cases, 2 cases were 5 cases, 3 cases 1 case; postoperative patients with effective care measures, the complications of bile leakage in 1 case, subcutaneous emphysema in 2 cases, incision infection or pain in 2 cases, 1 case of abdominal infection, intraperitoneal hemorrhage in 2 cases, the complication rate was 10.26 %. Conclusion In addition to the effective nursing methods to improve the meticulous, but also to strengthen nursing staff nursing awareness and sense of care, and fundamentally understand the meaning and purpose of meticulous and effective care, patient-centered nursing process, from The actual needs of patients, the effective targeted care for patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy in clinical care, patients can effectively reduce the pain, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, increase the recovery rate of patients and the quality of postoperative, suitable Clinical practice.