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目的了解兰州市65岁及以上老年人的主要死因及顺位,为加强老年人卫生保健计划提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统的人口死亡信息登记管理系统,选取兰州市2015年65岁及以上老年人死因监测数据。死亡率的标化采用2010年的全国标准人口。采用SPSS 18.0统计软件包进行χ~2检验和趋势χ~2检验。结果 2015年兰州市65岁及以上老年人死亡率为2 645.52/10万人(标化死亡率为3 075.43/10万人);男性死亡率明显高于女性,死亡率随年龄增大而升高(P<0.05);前5位死因疾病依次是循环系统,肿瘤,呼吸系统,内分泌,营养和代谢疾病,损伤、中毒和外因,其中前3位占总死亡的84.74%;前3位死因疾病中,循环系统疾病死亡比例女性高于男性,与年龄呈正相关,冬春季较高;肿瘤死亡比例男性高于女性,与年龄呈负相关,夏秋季较高;呼吸系统疾病死亡比例与年龄呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论循环、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病是威胁兰州市65岁及以上老年人的主要死因疾病,死亡比例存在性别、年龄和季节差异,应针对性别、年龄和季节变化加强老年人卫生保健工作。
Objective To understand the main causes of death and its position in elderly people aged 65 years and over in Lanzhou City and to provide a scientific basis for strengthening the health care plan for the elderly. Methods Through the system of registration and management of death information of population in China’s disease prevention and control information system, the data of the cause of death of seniors aged 65 years and over in Lanzhou City in 2015 were selected. The standardization of mortality using the 2010 national standard population. SPSS 18.0 statistical package was used to test χ ~ 2 and trend χ ~ 2 test. Results In 2015, the death rate of 65 years old and above in Lanzhou was 2 645.52 / 100000 (the standardized death rate was 3 075.43 / 100000); the death rate of males was obviously higher than that of females; the death rate increased with age (P <0.05). The top five death causes were followed by circulatory system, tumor, respiratory system, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, injuries, poisoning and exogenous factors, among which the top three accounted for 84.74% of the total deaths; the first three causes of death The proportion of deaths from circulatory diseases was higher in males than in males, positively correlated with age, and higher in winter and spring. The proportion of cancer deaths was higher in males than in females, negatively correlated with age, and higher in summer and autumn. The proportion of deaths from respiratory diseases was positive with age Related (P <0.05). Conclusions Circulation, cancer and respiratory diseases are the main causes of death and illness threatening Lanzhou 65 years old and above. The sex ratio, age and season difference of death rate should be strengthened. The health care work should be strengthened according to the gender, age and seasonality.