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里根行政当局的经济计划和英国撒切尔政府一样,在经济政策的理论、意识形态和实践方面表现了保守的反革命性质。这种反革命的目的在于缩小政府的、特别是中央政府的经济影响,当然这是和私营企业及自由市场的影响相比较而言的。以下这四种政策的前景可虑,它们包括:1) 宏观经济的稳定问题,即利用财政、货币和其他办法去影响国民生产、就业、物价以及其他具有全国性经济意义的变量的政策;2) 经济上不平等的问题,即利用国库进行国民财富和收入再分配的政策;3) 资源配置,在各种公私产品间决定国家优先发展重点的政策;4) 对经济活动和市场的管理。本文主要论述前两个问题。
The Reagan administration’s economic plans, like the Thatcher Administration in the United Kingdom, showed a conservative counter-revolutionary character in the theory, ideology and practice of economic policy. The purpose of such counter-revolution is to reduce the economic impact of the government, especially the central government, which, of course, is compared with that of the private sector and the free market. The following four policies are promising: they include: 1) the macroeconomic stability issue, namely, the policy of using fiscal, monetary and other means to influence national production, employment, prices and other variables of national economic significance; 2 ) The problem of economic inequality, that is, the policy of using the national treasury for national wealth and redistribution of income; 3) the allocation of resources, the policy of determining national priorities among various public and private products; and 4) the management of economic activities and markets. This article discusses the first two issues.