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目的对呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)感染的发生情况、病原学特征及药敏和预防进行分析探讨。方法对于确诊为VAP的13例患者,进行呼吸道采集分泌物标本进行培养、药敏试验。结果13例患者分泌物培养出致病菌20株,其中各类病原菌混合感染者7例占53.8%,单一感染者6例占46.2%。G-菌11株占55%,G+菌7株占35%,真菌2株占10%。药敏试验以革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南敏感性最高,其次为哌拉西林、环丙沙星。金黄色葡萄球菌耐药现象严重对万古霉素敏感。结论加强呼吸机管路系统的消毒灭菌减少VAP的发生,尽可能缩短机械通气时间。同时,VAP病原菌分布及耐药状况,对提高临床抗菌药物经验治疗的水平有一定的指导意义,并根据病原学结果合理用药。
Objective To analyze the occurrence, etiological characteristics, drug sensitivity and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) infection. Methods Thirteen patients diagnosed with VAP were recruited to collect respiratory secretions samples for drug susceptibility testing. Results Totally 20 pathogens were isolated from the secretions of 13 patients, of which 7 cases were mixed with various pathogens, accounting for 53.8%. Six cases were single infection, accounting for 46.2%. 11 strains of G-bacteria accounted for 55%, 7 strains of G + bacteria accounted for 35%, 2 strains of fungi accounted for 10%. Susceptibility test to gram-negative bacilli the highest sensitivity to imipenem, followed by piperacillin, ciprofloxacin. Staphylococcus aureus is severely susceptible to vancomycin. Conclusion To strengthen the sterilization of ventilator pipeline system to reduce the incidence of VAP, to minimize the mechanical ventilation time. At the same time, the distribution of VAP pathogens and their drug resistance have some guiding significance for improving the level of experience in clinical antimicrobial treatment, and they are used rationally according to the results of etiology.