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目的了解甘肃省居民烟草危害相关知识知晓情况与不同吸烟行为之间的关系,为有效开展控烟工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段PPS抽样方法,随机抽取8个县(区)2 136名15~69岁常住居民进行问卷调查。结果甘肃省居民现在吸烟率为30.85%(659/2 136),其中男性60.92%(625/1 026),女性3.06%(34/1 110);居民中每天吸烟的占27.15%(580/2 136),吸烟但不是每天吸的占3.70%(79/2 136),以前吸现在不吸的占4.82%(103/2 136),从来不吸的占64.33%(1 374/2 136);居民烟草危害相关知识平均得分为(3.28±1.84)分;对吸烟会引起中风、心脏病发作和肺癌,吸二手烟会引起成人心脏疾病、儿童肺部疾病和成人肺癌的知晓率分别为33.85%、39.98%、81.98%、37.55%、61.42%和73.03%;不同吸烟行为居民之间、不同吸烟男性居民之间吸烟危害相关知识知晓率、得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论甘肃省居民吸烟率较高,不同吸烟行为居民对烟草危害认知无差异,提高烟草危害相关知识知晓率对降低15~69岁居民吸烟率作用可能有限,干预重点应放在有利于无烟的支持性政策的开发以及无烟环境创建上。
Objective To understand the relationship between tobacco-related knowledge of residents and smoking behaviors in Gansu Province, and to provide a scientific basis for effective tobacco control. Methods A stratified multi-stage PPS sampling method was used to randomly select 2 136 permanent residents aged 15-69 years from 8 counties (districts) for questionnaire survey. Results The prevalence of smoking among residents in Gansu province was 30.85% (659/2 136), of which 60.92% (625/1 026) were male and 3.06% (34/1 110) were female. The daily smoking rate among residents was 27.15% (580/2 136), 3.70% (79/2 136) of smokers but not of smokers each day, 4.82% (103/2 136) of those who had previously smoked, and 64.33% (1374/2 136) of never smoked; (3.28 ± 1.84). The awareness rates of smoking-induced stroke, heart attack and lung cancer, smoking of secondhand smoke could cause adult heart disease, childhood lung disease and adult lung cancer were 33.85% , 39.98%, 81.98%, 37.55%, 61.42% and 73.03%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the awareness rate and smoking scores between smoking inhabitants and different male smoking inhabitants (P> 0.05). Conclusions Smoking prevalence is high in residents of Gansu province. There is no difference between the residents of different smoking behaviors on the cognition of tobacco hazards. To improve the awareness rate of tobacco harm knowledge may have a limited effect on reducing the smoking rate of residents aged 15-69 years. The intervention should be focused on the benefit of smokeless The development of supportive policies and the creation of a smoke-free environment.