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目的了解广州市白云区综合医院麻疹流行期间医院感染预防现状,为制定相关政策提供依据。方法对广州市白云区辖区内的24家综合医院预检分诊点、发热门诊及输液室等的麻疹医院感染防控现状进行现场调查,同时对该区2009-2013年≤4岁麻疹病例发病前3周内的医院就诊史进行调查,对结果进行描述性分析。结果 24家综合医院设立预检分诊点的有17家,其中16家备有体温计,15家备有口罩;19家设立发热门诊,4家有备用诊室,15家发热门诊清洁区、半污染区与污染区有交叉,16家各区之间没有标识或标识不清;调查医院中只有2家传染病病例与普通病例输液室有分开。通过对512名≤4岁麻疹病例感染途径进行分析,发现29.3%的病例发病前3周内去过医院就诊,存在医院感染的可能。结论在麻疹流行期间有必要改善综合医院防控麻疹医院感染的软硬件环境,加强医护人员相关院感知识培训,合理而全面地实施有效的医疗感染管理对策,麻疹院内感染是可以有效预防的。
Objective To understand the status of nosocomial infection prevention during the epidemic of measles in Baiyun District General Hospital of Guangzhou and provide the basis for formulating relevant policies. Methods A field investigation was conducted on the status of prevention and control of measles and nosocomial infections in 24 general hospitals in the Baiyun district of Guangzhou from 2009 to 2013, The history of hospital visits within the first 3 weeks was investigated and the results were descriptively analyzed. Results Twenty-seven pre-screening clinics were established in 24 general hospitals, of which 16 were equipped with thermometers and 15 with masks; 19 fever clinics, 4 standby clinics, 15 fever clinics and semi-pollutions There are cross-districts and polluted areas, there is no sign or identification between 16 districts; only 2 cases of infectious diseases were separated from ordinary cases in the surveyed hospitals. By analyzing 512 cases of measles infection ≤4 years old, 29.3% of the cases were found to have visited the hospital within 3 weeks prior to the onset of the disease, and the possibility of nosocomial infection was found. Conclusions During the epidemic of measles, it is necessary to improve the hardware and software environment for prevention and control of measles and nosocomial infections in general hospitals, strengthen the knowledge training of hospital staffs on nurses, and implement effective management measures of medical infection in a reasonable and comprehensive manner. Nosocomial infections in measles can be effectively prevented.