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稻田少耕轮耕体系研究,进行了两种耕作方法及其轮耕体系试验。第Ⅰ、Ⅱ报报道了这一体系的设计指导思想及其实测的经济效益和这一耕作体系对稻田土壤物理性状的影响。本文则重点论述这一耕作体系对水稻生育和产量的影响。深翻深松和浅翻深松将耕作层由16厘米加深到21—29厘米,对水稻地上部及根系有良好的影响,并比对照区分别增产19.6％和11.9％。深翻深松的后效增产14.9％。由此肯定了稻田加深耕作层的必要性。但深翻深松的作业成本高于一般翻地,而且有推迟成熟的趋势。稻田间隔深松的耕作层加深至27厘米。由于它使肥沃土层位置不变,底土在原处熟化和控制适宜的透水性,导致水稻增产显著。其中间隔35厘米深松比翻地增产12.8％,而间隔70厘米深松增产不明显。间隔35厘米深松与耙茬轮耕后增产12.6％,作业成本比翻地降低50％以上。由此肯定了稻田间隔深松的少耕轮耕体系,并为研制水旱兼用的旋耕深松机提供了设计根据。
The study on the system of reducing tillage rotation in paddy field and two tillage methods and their tilling system experiment were carried out. The first and second papers reported the design guidelines of the system and the economic benefits measured and the impact of this farming system on paddy soil physical properties. This article focuses on the impact of this farming system on rice growth and yield. Deep plowing and shallow plowing and deep plowing The plowing layer was deepened from 16 cm to 21-29 cm, which had a good effect on the shoots and roots of rice and increased by 19.6% and 11.9% respectively over the control area. Deep ponder the latter effect 14.3% increase. This affirmed the necessity of deepening the tillage layer in paddy fields. However, the deep plowing loose operating costs higher than the average land, but also to postpone the maturity of the trend. Deep tillage paddy interval deepens to 27 cm. Due to its location of fertile soil, subsoil ripening in the field and control of appropriate water permeability, resulting in significant yield increase of rice. Among them, the interval of 35 cm was 12.8% higher than that of the turn-over and the yield was not obvious at the interval of 70 cm. The interval of 35 cm deep pine and rake stubble yield increased by 12.6%, operating costs dropped more than 50% over the land. Therefore, it affirmed the less-tillage and less-tillage tiller system in paddy fields and provided the design basis for the development of both rotary-tillage and submerged pine machines.