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1914年Volherd,1942年Ellis称本病为毛细血管外肾小球肾炎或亚急性肾小球肾炎,1956年Hamberger称为恶性肾小球肾炎,1968年Bacani称为急进性肾小球肾炎。临床上主要以急性少尿或无尿,常有几天至几周的肉眼血尿,多数病例有高血压(>140/90mmHg),高血尿素(>40mg％),高血清肌酐(>2mg/dl),发热喉痛等,以肾功能急剧下降为其特点。病理组织学现象为严重的弥漫性肾小球损害,广泛性上皮细胞增生,新月体形成,因此本病亦有称为新月体肾炎。患者的预后一般不良。急进性肾小球肾炎的关键是肾小球的炎症,凝血障碍。看来免疫抑制、抗凝和血浆交换的综合疗法是可行的。
1914 Volherd, 1942 Ellis said the disease is extracapillary glomerulonephritis or subacute glomerulonephritis, Hamberger in 1956 as malignant glomerulonephritis, Bacani in 1968 as the radical glomerulonephritis. Clinical mainly acute oliguria or anuria, often a few days to several weeks of gross hematuria, most cases of hypertension (> 140 / 90mmHg), high blood urea (> 40mg%), high serum creatinine (> 2mg / dl), fever, sore throat, with a sharp decline in renal function as its characteristics. Histopathology is a serious diffuse glomerular damage, extensive epithelial cell proliferation, crescent formation, so the disease is also known as crescentic nephritis. The prognosis of patients is generally poor. The key to radical glomerulonephritis is glomerular inflammation, coagulopathy. It appears that immunosuppression, anticoagulation and plasma exchange of integrated therapy is feasible.