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目的了解血液透析患者的睡眠质量现状及其影响因素,并进一步了解血液透析患者的睡眠质量与支持系统的关系。方法于2015年2—5月应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburg sleep quality index scale,PSQI)、家庭关怀度指数问卷、社会支持评定量表及自制一般情况调查表对血液透析患者的社会支持状况与睡眠质量状况进行问卷调查。血液透析患者的一般资料及相关资料应用描述性统计分析,采用Pearson相关及多重线性回归进行单因素及多因素分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果血液透析患者睡眠质量平均得分为(9.61±3.96)分,而睡眠质量总得分≥5分的血液透析患者395例(94.95%)。而各因子得分情况为主观睡眠质量(1.33±0.77)分,睡眠潜伏期(1.46±1.03)分,睡眠持续性(1.08±1.01)分,习惯性睡眠效率(2.63±0.93)分,睡眠紊乱(1.14±0.58)分,使用催眠药物(0.57±0.05)分,日间功能紊乱(1.40±0.97)分。血液透析患者家庭关怀度平均得分为(7.95±2.68)分,而家庭功能良好的血液透析患者312例(75.00%),家庭功能中度障碍的血液透析患者72例(17.31%),家庭功能重度障碍的血液透析患者为32例(7.69%)。血液透析患者社会支持平均得分为(37.54±8.03)分,客观支持平均得分为(8.61±2.95)分,主观支持平均得分为(21.96±5.29)分,支持利用度平均得分(6.96±2.10)分。血液透析患者家庭关怀度与主观睡眠质量、睡眠紊乱及白天功能均呈负相关(均P<0.05)。社会支持中的主观支持、社会支持总分与睡眠因子主观睡眠质量、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠持续性及PSQI总分均呈负相关(均P<0.05)。结论要提高血液透析患者的睡眠质量,就应该提高血液透析患者的社会支持系统及家庭关怀度。
Objective To understand the status of sleep quality and its influencing factors in hemodialysis patients and to further understand the relationship between sleep quality and support system in hemodialysis patients. Methods From January to May 2015, Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale (PSQI), Family Care Index Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale and Self-made General Status Questionnaire were used to evaluate the social support status of hemodialysis patients Questionnaire with quality of sleep. General data and related data of hemodialysis patients were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The average sleep quality score of hemodialysis patients was (9.61 ± 3.96) points, while that of hemodialysis patients whose total sleep quality score was more than or equal to 5 points was 395 (94.95%). (1.33 ± 0.77) points, sleep latency (1.46 ± 1.03), sleep duration (1.08 ± 1.01), habitual sleep efficiency (2.63 ± 0.93), sleep disturbance ± 0.58) points, hypnotic drugs (0.57 ± 0.05) points, daytime dysfunction (1.40 ± 0.97) points. The average family care degree of hemodialysis patients was (7.95 ± 2.68) points, while that of family hemodialysis patients was 312 (75.00%), family history of hemodialysis patients with moderate dysfunction was 72 (17.31%), family function was severe Obstacle to hemodialysis patients were 32 cases (7.69%). The average score of social support in hemodialysis patients was (37.54 ± 8.03), objective support was (8.61 ± 2.95), subjective support was (21.96 ± 5.29), and support utilization was 6.96 ± 2.10 . The degree of family care in patients with hemodialysis was negatively correlated with subjective sleep quality, sleep disorders and daytime functions (all P <0.05). Subjective support, social support scores and subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration and PSQI score of social support were negatively correlated (all P <0.05). Conclusion To improve the quality of sleep in hemodialysis patients, we should improve the social support system and family care in hemodialysis patients.