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稗草是中国北方大豆田的恶性杂草,危害大豆生长发育,降低大豆产量,对大豆生产造成严重威胁。本研究在大田条件下采用添加系列试验和拟合函数关系模型的方法,研究了稗草与大豆的竞争关系。结果表明,在稗草的竞争干扰下,大豆单株荚数,产量均随稗草密度的增加而逐渐降低,而株高没有显著变化。直线函数能较好地拟合大豆产量与稗草密度之间的关系y=-12.863x+2 720.396(R~2=0.982;F=217.340;P=0.001),直线函数亦能较好的拟合大豆产量损失与稗草密度之间的关系y=0.467x+1.017(R~2=0.982;F=217.352;P=0.000 1)。大豆田稗草人工除草的经济阈值为24.65~27.89株·m~(-2),90%乙草胺乳油、12.5%烯禾啶乳油、5%精喹禾灵乳油化学防除稗草的经济阈值分别为2.79~3.39,3.45~4.12和3.18~3.95株·m~(-2)。
Barnyardgrass is a malignant weed in the soybean field of northern China, endangering the growth and development of soybean and reducing the yield of soybean, posing a serious threat to soybean production. In this study, field experiments were carried out to study the competitive relationship between barnyardgrass and soybean by adding series of experiments and fitting the functional relationship model. The results showed that under the competition of barnyardgrass, the pods per plant and the yield of soybean decreased gradually with the increase of barnyardgrass density, but the plant height did not change significantly. The linear function can well fit the relationship between the yield of soybean and the density of barnyard grass y = -12.863x +2 720.396 (R ~ 2 = 0.982; F = 217.340; P = 0.001) The relationship between yield loss and barnyardgrass density y = 0.467x + 1.017 (R ~ 2 = 0.982; F = 217.352; P = 0.0001). The economic threshold for the artificial weeding of barnyardgrass in soybean field was 24.65-27.89 plants · m -2. The economic thresholds for chemical control of barnyardgrass with 90% acetochlor EC, 12.5% 2.79 ~ 3.39, 3.45 ~ 4.12 and 3.18 ~ 3.95 strains · m -2.